5 Essential Steps for Effective Active Shooter Response: Expert Advice
In the face of an active shooter situation, it’s crucial to respond effectively and swiftly to ensure your safety and that of those around you. Here are five essential steps for an effective active shooter response, based on expert advice:
Evacuate: If It’s Safe to Do So
If you are in a safe location away from the shooter, evacuate the building or area as quickly as possible. Avoid taking elevators and use stairwells instead. Keep your hands visible to avoid drawing unwanted attention, and move in a calm and orderly fashion. If you encounter others, encourage them to leave with you.
Find Cover: If Evacuation Is Not an Option
If evacuation is not possible, find cover or hide. This means getting out of the shooter’s line of sight and staying away from doors or windows. Locking doors and barricading yourself in is also recommended. Silence your phone to minimize noise and avoid drawing attention.
Call Law Enforcement: Once You Are Safe
Call 911 or local law enforcement as soon as you are in a safe location. Provide them with detailed information about the shooter, their location, and number of people involved. Remember to remain calm during the call.
Follow Law Enforcement Instructions: During and After the Incident
Follow law enforcement instructions carefully during and after the incident. They are trained professionals who will help you stay safe. Remain in your hiding place until they arrive, and do not leave unless instructed to do so.
5. Reunite with Loved Ones: After the Incident
Reunite with your loved ones as soon as possible after the incident. Designate a specific meeting place and make sure everyone knows about it. Use technology like text messaging or social media to communicate with each other if necessary.
Additional Tips
Stay informed about the situation: Listen to local news and follow instructions from law enforcement. Keep in mind that false alarms do occur, so only take action when you are certain an active shooter situation is taking place.
Prepare Yourself
Prepare yourself for an active shooter situation: Create a family emergency plan, and practice drills at home. Familiarize yourself with the layout of your workplace or school, and identify possible hiding places.
Preparing for an Active Shooter Scenario: Essential Steps to Stay Safe
An active shooter scenario, defined as an individual actively engaged in causing harm or threatening to cause harm to people or property with a firearm or other weapon, has unfortunately become a prevalent issue in modern society. Mass shootings, which refer to incidents where four or more people are killed or injured, have increased in frequency and complexity. According to the link, there were 306 mass shootings in the United States alone between 2006 and 2018. Given these statistics, it is crucial for individuals to be prepared and know how to respond effectively in such situations.
Five Essential Steps for Effective Active Shooter Response
Step 1: Run. If you can, run away from the shooter or the area where the shooting is taking place. Leave your belongings behind and use any available means of transportation to get away from the scene as quickly as possible.
Step 1.1: Have an Escape Route in Mind
Before entering a building, take note of the nearest exits and possible escape routes. This will help you react more effectively during an emergency.
Step 1.2: Evacuate with Others
Do not hesitate to leave with others if you feel it is safer to do so. Do not wait for instructions from authorities before leaving, as they may still be responding to the situation.
Step 1.3: Call for Help
If you can safely make a call, dial 911 or your local emergency number and provide them with as much information as possible about the situation.
Step 2: Hide. If you cannot safely evacuate, hide and stay quiet. Find a place where you can conceal yourself from the shooter’s view, preferably with a solid barrier between you and them. Silence your phone and any other electronic devices to minimize noise.
Step 2.1: Lock the Door
Lock the door, if possible, and barricade it with furniture or other heavy objects.
Step 2.2: Silence Your Phone
Silence your phone and other electronic devices to minimize noise that may attract the shooter’s attention.
Step 2.3: Stay Informed
Listen for updates from law enforcement or other credible sources. You may be able to learn critical information that will help you stay safe.
Step 3: Fight. As a last resort, when your life is in imminent danger and there is no other option but to confront the active shooter, use whatever objects you have as weapons. This includes items such as pens, chairs, or heavy books.
Step 3.1: Ambush the Shooter
When engaging in a physical confrontation, try to surprise the shooter by ambushing them from an unexpected angle or position.
Step 3.2: Use Distraction Techniques
Throw objects or create loud noises to distract the shooter, allowing you time to escape or take action.
Step 3.3: Team Up
If you’re with others, coordinate your actions and work together to neutralize the threat.
Step 4: Evacuate When Safe. Once it is safe to do so, evacuate the building or area. Follow the instructions of law enforcement and emergency responders.
Step 5: Reunite with Loved Ones
Establish a predetermined meeting place where you can reunite with your family and loved ones.
Step 5.1: Communicate Effectively
Use social media or other communication methods to keep your loved ones informed about your status and location.
Being prepared for an active shooter scenario can make all the difference between safety and harm. By following these five essential steps, you will increase your chances of surviving such a situation.
Step 1: Run, Hide, Fight: The Three Options
Run, Hide, Fight is a standard recommendation from law enforcement agencies for responding to an active shooter situation. This concept emphasizes three basic options, each with its own set of guidelines and circumstances.:
Run: Evacuate the Area as Quickly and Safely as Possible
Run is the best option when there’s an imminent threat and a clear path to safety exists. It implies evacuating the area as quickly and safely as possible. If you hear gunfire or receive an alert, follow these steps:
- Evacuate: Leave your belongings behind and use your hands for self-protection if necessary.
- Find a Way Out: Use the closest available exit. If you can’t use stairs, find an alternative route.
- Help Others: Encourage others to follow you. Do not let them delay your departure.
Hide: Find a Secure Location Out of the Shooter’s Line of Sight
Hide is the next best option when evacuation is not possible. Find a place where you can conceal yourself from the shooter’s view and remain quiet. Remember:
- Lock Doors: Barricade the door with heavy furniture if possible.
- Silence Your Phone: Turn off lights and silence your phone to minimize noise.
- Stay Quiet: Remain as still as possible. Hide behind large objects and avoid windows.
Fight: Confront the Shooter as a Last Resort
Fight is the last option, and it should only be used when there’s no other alternative but to confront the shooter. Law enforcement encourages civilians to engage in violent physical confrontation with an active shooter only when necessary:
- Throw Objects: Use whatever is available to create noise and disrupt the shooter.
- Improvise Weapons: Look for tools like a fire extinguisher, chair or heavy object to use as a weapon.
- Maintain Your Focus: Stay determined and keep your mind focused on surviving the confrontation.
Note:
It’s important to remember that each situation is unique, and your response should be based on the specific circumstances of the incident. Follow these guidelines, stay informed, and always prioritize safety above all else.
I Step 2: Assess the Situation and Identify Exits
In the event of an active shooter situation, quickly assessing the situation is crucial for ensuring your safety and that of those around you. This initial assessment should include identifying the location of the shooter, if possible, and scanning the area for potential escape routes. It’s important to remember that your first priority is to get out of the building or area safely.
Locating the Shooter
If you can determine where the shooter is located, you may be able to avoid directly confronting them or put some distance between yourself and the danger. However, this information should be gathered as discreetly as possible to minimize any potential risk.
Identifying Multiple Exits
If multiple exits are available, it’s essential to identify them during your assessment. Having a clear understanding of multiple escape routes can help you make an informed decision about which one to use based on the situation and potential hazards. In addition, knowing where these exits are located can allow you to move quickly towards them if necessary.
Staying Calm During the Assessment Process
It’s natural to feel anxious or fearful during an active shooter situation, but staying calm is essential for effectively assessing the situation and making informed decisions about your next steps. Deep breathing exercises, positive self-talk, or other relaxation techniques can help manage stress and improve focus during this critical time.
Deep Breathing Exercise:
- Breathe in through your nose for a count of four.
- Hold the breath for a count of seven.
- Exhale slowly through your mouth for a count of eight.
- Repeat this process several times to help calm your mind and body.
Conclusion:
In summary, assessing the situation and identifying potential exits is an essential step in responding to an active shooter event. By quickly evaluating your surroundings, staying calm, and considering all available escape routes, you can increase your chances of safely navigating the situation and ensuring the safety of those around you.
Step 3: Silence Your Phone and Find a Way to Communicate with the Outside World
In an active shooter situation, the last thing you want is to alert the gunman to your presence. Your phone, which could be a potential source of noise and light, should be silenced as quickly as possible. Here’s why:
Avoiding Detection
Silencing your phone is crucial to minimize the chance of being detected by the shooter. A ringing or buzzing phone can easily grab their attention, putting you and others around you at risk.
Seeking Help from the Outside
With your phone silenced, you can focus on finding a way to communicate with the outside world. This could mean texting or calling emergency services discreetly, or seeking help from others in the area who may be able to alert authorities.
Text Messaging
Text messaging is often the safest and most discreet way to communicate during an active shooter situation. Many people don’t realize that even if their phone is silenced, a text message may still send a notification sound or vibration. To prevent this, you can try:
- Putting your phone on airplane mode before silencing it.
- Turning off all notifications and vibration settings.
- Composing and sending your message before silencing your phone.
Seeking Help from Others
Seeking help from others in the area is another important strategy. If you’re able to communicate with someone outside of the building, they can alert authorities and provide valuable information about your location.
Safety in Numbers
Banding together with others can also increase your chances of survival. If possible, try to find a safe place to hide with others and stay there until help arrives.
Staying Informed
Finally, it’s important to stay informed about the situation and any potential threats. Listen for announcements over loudspeakers or follow instructions from law enforcement officials.
In Summary
Silencing your phone and finding a way to communicate with the outside world are essential steps in surviving an active shooter situation. By taking these precautions, you can minimize the risk of detection and increase your chances of getting help quickly.
Step 4: Know Your Building and Surroundings
Having a good understanding of your building and surroundings is essential when it comes to responding effectively to an active shooter situation. Familiarizing yourself with the layout of your workplace or school can make a significant difference in your ability to keep yourself and others safe. Here’s why:
Quick Decision Making
During an active shooter event, time is of the essence. By knowing your building and surroundings, you can quickly assess the situation and identify potential escape routes or hiding places based on your location. This valuable information can help you make informed decisions about how to proceed.
Escape Routes
One of the most important things to know is where the fire exits and other potential escape routes are located. In a crisis situation, these areas can help you evacuate the building as quickly and safely as possible. Be sure to regularly review the location of these exits, and practice using them during drills or exercises.
Other Potential Hideaways
In some cases, it may be necessary to hide rather than evacuate. Identifying potential hiding places that are not easily accessible to the shooter can give you an edge in staying safe. These could include areas such as storerooms, offices with solid doors, or other out-of-the-way spaces. Remember, though, that no hiding place is foolproof, and your ultimate goal should be to evacuate if possible.
Understanding the Building’s Layout
A good understanding of your building’s layout can also help you navigate through it more effectively. Knowing where the various departments or classrooms are located, and how they relate to each other, can make it easier to find alternative escape routes if your initial plan is not feasible. Additionally, being familiar with the building’s structure can help you identify potential vulnerabilities and hazards, allowing you to take steps to mitigate them.
Staying Informed
Finally, it’s important to stay informed about any changes or updates to your building and surroundings. This could include new construction projects that might impact potential escape routes, or shifts in workplace layouts that alter the location of fire exits or other safety features. By staying informed, you can ensure that your knowledge remains up-to-date and relevant, giving you the best possible chance of responding effectively to an active shooter situation.
VI. Step 5: Develop a Personalized Emergency Action Plan (EAP)
Having a personalized emergency action plan (EAP) is crucial in helping individuals react effectively during an active shooter situation. An EAP outlines the specific steps an individual can take to increase their chances of survival and minimize harm. In today’s world, where the threat of an active shooter incident is a growing concern, having a well-prepared EAP can make all the difference.
Importance of an EAP
During an active shooter situation, every second counts. Having a personalized EAP can provide valuable guidance on what actions to take and help individuals make informed decisions quickly. By planning ahead, individuals can increase their chances of survival by being better prepared and more responsive.
Creating a Comprehensive EAP
Identifying Potential Risks: The first step in creating a personalized EAP is to identify potential risks. This can include assessing the location of your workplace or school, understanding the security measures in place, and being aware of any historical incidents that have occurred in the area. Knowing where potential threats may arise can help you choose the best escape routes and plan for emergency situations.
Choosing Escape Routes
Choosing escape routes: Once you have identified potential risks, the next step is to choose escape routes. Look for multiple options and consider factors such as distance, accessibility, and safety. Make sure you have a clear understanding of the layout of your workplace or school and know where exits are located.
Practicing Emergency Drills
Practicing emergency drills: Regularly practicing emergency drills can help you and your loved ones stay prepared. This can include participating in fire drills, lockdown drills, or active shooter training exercises. Being familiar with emergency procedures and knowing how to react quickly can significantly improve your chances of survival.
Conclusion
A personalized emergency action plan is a critical component in preparing for an active shooter situation. By taking the time to identify potential risks, choose escape routes, and practice emergency drills, individuals can increase their chances of survival and reduce their exposure to harm. Remember, being prepared is the best defense against an active shooter threat.
V Conclusion
As we’ve explored throughout this guide, an active shooter situation is a terrifying and unpredictable event. Yet, being prepared and knowing what to do can make all the difference. Here’s a quick recap of the five essential steps for effective active shooter response based on expert advice:
Run:
If you can, escape the area by following the instructions of local law enforcement or building security personnel. Do not wait to be told to leave – use your best judgment and evacuate as quickly and calmly as possible.
Hide:
If evacuation isn’t an option, find a secure place to hide and stay quiet. Barricade the door if possible. Stay out of sight and avoid making any noise that could attract the shooter’s attention.
Fight:
If you have no other choice but to confront the active shooter, use any objects you can find as weapons and fight back with all your might. Remember, your best defense is your mindset – stay calm, focused, and determined to survive.
Help Others:
If you’re in a position to help others, do so if it doesn’t put yourself at further risk. Notify law enforcement and give them accurate information about the situation. Stay with those who need assistance until help arrives.
5. Report:
After the threat has been neutralized, report any details you know to law enforcement and building management. Be as descriptive as possible, including the shooter’s appearance, location, and behavior.
Now that you know what to do in an active shooter situation, it’s crucial to take these steps seriously and share this information with others in your community or workplace. Regularly review emergency response plans and practice drills to ensure you’re prepared for any potential threat. By working together, we can create a safer environment for everyone.
Remember:
“The best way to prevent and protect against an active shooter is to be aware of your surroundings, maintain a heightened sense of situational awareness, and always have a plan in place.” – U.S. Department of Homeland Security
